Madagascar Location : Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Mozambique
Capital City : Antananarivo
Curreny : Malagasy franc (MGF)
Languages Spoken : French (official), Malagasy (official)
Climate : tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south
National Holiday : Independence Day, 26 June (1960)
Background Information
Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar became a French colony in 1886, but regained its independence in 1960. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held, ending 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier RATSIRAKA, the leader during the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier RATSIRAKA and Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly causing secession of half of the country. In April 2002 the High Constitutional Court announced RAVALOMANANA the winner.
Geographical Note
world's fourth-largest island; strategic location along Mozambique Channel
Economy
Madagascar faces problems of chronic malnutrition, underfunded health and education facilities, a roughly 3% annual population growth rate, and severe loss of forest cover, accompanied by erosion. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is the mainstay of the economy, accounting for one-third of GDP and contributing more than 70% to export earnings. Industry features textile manufacturing and the processing of agricultural products. Growth in output in 1992-97 averaged less than the growth rate of the population. Growth has been held back by antigovernment strikes and demonstrations, a decline in world coffee prices, and the erratic commitment of the government to economic reform. The extent of government reforms, outside financial aid, and foreign investment will be key determinants of future growth.
Religions
indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%
Ports : Antsiranana, Antsohimbondrona, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
International Disputes - Risks to travellers
: claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, and Tromelin Island (all administered by France)
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Madagascar
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